Understanding the body’s internal clock
Sleep is controlled by a biological system known as the circadian rhythm. This is the body’s internal 24-hour clock that regulates when we feel awake or sleepy.
The circadian rhythm is influenced by environmental cues such as light, darkness and daily routines.
In older children and teenagers, this rhythm naturally shifts later. They may not feel sleepy until later in the evening and may struggle to wake early.
Some neurodivergent young people experience delayed melatonin release, meaning the hormone that signals sleepiness is produced later at night.
Because of this, insisting on very early bedtimes can sometimes create frustration if the body simply is not ready to sleep yet.
Instead, gradual adjustments to routines and environmental cues can help the body clock shift more naturally.
