What is Gerstmann syndrome?
Gerstmann syndrome happens when a small area of the brain called the angular gyrus stops working as it should, often after a stroke or tumour. This leads to difficulties with everyday skills such as writing and maths.
Most cases are diagnosed in adults, but rarely developmental Gerstmann syndrome can occur in children. Doctors aren’t sure how the condition occurs in younger people, but it may be linked to genetics which alter how the brain develops.
Symptoms often improve with rehabilitation such as speech or occupational therapy. In children and some adults, the brain may relearn skills over time due to a process known as neuroplasticity.
What causes Gerstmann syndrome?
Gerstmann syndrome is caused by damage to the brain from:
- Strokes
- Traumatic brain injury (TBI)
- Brain tumours
- In rare cases it may be present from birth
Recovery will often depend on the cause, with many people finding symptoms improve over time.
What are the symptoms of Gerstmann syndrome?
There are four main symptoms of Gerstmann syndrome:
- Difficulty writing – it may be harder to write clearly, with problems forming letters and putting them in the right order.
- Difficulty with maths – understanding numbers and how to use them can be harder.
- Difficulty knowing left from right – people may find it harder to follow directions and may need help when out and about.
- Difficulty naming fingers – or telling them apart
People may also experience:
- Changes in speech and language
- Problems with concentration
- Difficulties with balance and coordination
Because of the small area of the brain involved, Gerstmann syndrome is rare. The condition is harder to spot in children, as symptoms appear over time alongside developing skills. In adults, symptoms tend to appear more suddenly after stroke or TBI.
