What is basal ganglia syndrome?
Basal ganglia syndrome is the term used by doctors when an existing neurological condition causes changes within the basal ganglia – the part of our brain involved in movement and coordination.
The basal ganglia is a cluster of several parts (nuclei) deep inside the brain. It helps control how we move, learn, remember and manage our emotions.
The condition is progressive and there is currently no cure, but many treatment options exist to help make symptoms more manageable.
What causes basal ganglia syndrome?
Basal ganglia syndrome is usually caused by a neurodegenerative condition that a person already has. These conditions cause nerve cells to gradually stop working – in this case, the cells within the basal ganglia.
Some of the neurodegenerative conditions linked to basal ganglia syndrome include:
Basal ganglia syndrome can be caused by other problems that affect the brain, including:
-
- Infections such as meningitis or encephalitis
- Brain injuries or stroke
- Situations where the brain can’t get enough oxygen, such as a heart attack or severe asthma.
What are the symptoms of basal ganglia syndrome?
The symptoms of basal ganglia syndrome can affect people in different ways. They may include:
- Difficulties controlling movement – including muscle tremors and twitches, muscle stiffness and slowed movements (known by doctors as bradykinesia).
- Difficulties with balance and coordination – can make walking harder and increase the risk of falls.
- Changes in thinking processes – such as finding it harder to make decisions, focus or remember important things.
- Emotional changes – including low mood, anxiety and sudden changes in how you feel.
Symptoms will vary depending on the underlying condition the person has.
Finding information on basal ganglia syndrome can be overwhelming. Because the syndrome develops as part of other health conditions, specific guidance can be harder to find. Our charity is on hand to provide support when you need it most, helping you navigate life with more confidence and clarity.
